The Direct Method

Never translate: demonstrate

Never explain: act

Never make a speech: ask questions

Never imitate mistakes: correct

Never speak with single words: use sentences

Never speak too much: make students speak much

Never use the book: use your lesson plan

Never jump around: follow your plan

Never go too fast: keep the pace of the student

Never speak too slowly: speak normally

Never speak too quickly: speak naturally

Never speak too loudly: speak naturally

Never be impatient:  take it easy

1. the spoken language is primary and that this should be reflected in  an

oral-based methodology;

2. the findings of phonetics should be applied to teaching and to teacher

training;

3. learners should hear the language first, before seeing it in written form;

4. words should be presented in sentences, and sentences should be practiced

in meaningful contexts and not be taught as isolated, disconnected

elements;

5. the rules of grammar should be taught only after the students have prac-ticed the grammar points in context - that is, grammar should be taught

inductively;

6, translation should be avoided, although the mother tongue could be used

in order to explain new words or ro check comprehension.

I.  <:lnssl'uolll ill~ITllction was conducted exclusively in  the target language.

L Only l'vnyd:1Y vOl:3bul:lry :1nd SClltcnces were taught.

9

Approaches & methods in language teaching

3. Oral communication skills were built up in a carefully graded progression

organized around question-and-answer exchanges between teachers and

students in small, intensive classes.

4. Grammar was taught inductively.

S. New teaching points were introduced orally.

6. Concrete vocabulary was taught through demonstration, objects, and pic-tures; abstract vocabulary was taught by association of ideas.

7.  Both speech and listening comprehension were taught.

8. Correct pronunciation and grammar were emphasized